Analog output can be affected by reference voltage and digital code

Most digital-to-analog converters (DACs) operate with a fixed positive reference voltage, and the output voltage or current is proportional to the product of the reference voltage and the set digital code. This is not the case for a so-called multiplication digital-to-analog converter (MDAC), whose reference voltage can vary, typically within ±10V. Therefore, the analog output (which is dynamic in both cases) can be affected by the reference voltage and digital code.

application

With the appropriate wiring, the module can output amplified, attenuated, or inverted signals (relative to the reference signal). Therefore, its application areas include waveform generators, programmable filters, and PGAs (Programmable Gain Amplifiers), as well as many other applications where offset or gain must be adjusted.

Figure 1. Circuit with Variable Gain (PGA) Figure 1 shows a 14-bit ADDAC3 with a downstream amplifier that can amplify or attenuate signals based on the DAC's programmed digital code. The circuit calculates the output voltage (VOUT) of this circuit as follows:

Advantages over other circuits In principle, a standard DAC can be used if an external reference is allowed, but there are some major differences between the standard DAC and MDAC. The standard DAC's reference input can only handle unipolar voltages with limited amplitude. In addition to the amplitude, the reference input bandwidth is also very limited. This is represented in the data sheet by the multiplication bandwidth value. Take the AD5664 16-bit DAC as an example. The value is 340 kHz. The reference input to the multiplying DAC can use a bipolar voltage, which can also be higher than the supply voltage. The bandwidth is also much higher - the typical bandwidth of the AD5453 is 12 MHz. Conclusion The use of multiplication digital-to-analog converters is not as extensive, but it offers many possibilities. In addition to the high-bandwidth homemade PGA, mobile applications are also very suitable applications because their power requirements are less than 50 μW.

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